Based on the studies developed in the last decades, this article aims to draw attention to the risks associated with gaseous pollutants in museum environments and outline some recommendations that encourage cultural heritage institutions to implement a pollutant monitoring plan associated with risk prevention.
Exposure to an atmosphere rich in volatile pollutants can endanger collections in museums, galleries, libraries or archives. Monitoring volatile pollutants in museum microclimates remains an unusual practice in most institutions. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be released by many sources, including the artefacts’ materials themselves. The presence of pollutants in an enclosed space with poor ventilation, adding to high temperature and relative humidity levels or significant fluctuations, may increase the risk of damage for the more susceptible materials. The tendency observed in museums to enclose artefacts in vitrines or boxes may contribute to the formation of microclimates with high VOCs concentration.
Overall the article establishes that when implementing a monitoring plan, the first step is to establish the general objectives and ensure that the plan is practical and in line with the current conditions. Monitoring pollutant gases in a museum environment is crucial for effective risk management, as it helps balance the benefits and costs. The interaction between pollutants, environmental factors, and artefact materials can be complex and may require the involvement of multidisciplinary teams for detailed analysis. Accordingly, continuous research and knowledge are essential tools for preventive conservation and a monitoring plan must align with the institution’s specific conditions and be realistic and feasible.
