The Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects contributes to international efforts to combat the illicit trafficking of cultural property by establishing a framework for cooperation, due diligence, and the return of stolen or illegally exported cultural objects to their countries of origin. The convention applies to cultural objects that are stolen or illegally exported after the convention’s entry into force. Cultural objects covered by the convention include those of archaeological, historical, artistic, scientific, and religious importance, among others. The convention establishes a set of due diligence standards for those involved in the trade of cultural objects, such as dealers, museums, and collectors. Parties to the convention are encouraged to exercise reasonable care and take necessary precautions to prevent the acquisition of stolen or illegally exported cultural objects.
The convention emphasizes the principle of restitution, urging states to take appropriate legal and administrative measures to facilitate the return of stolen or illegally exported cultural objects to their countries of origin. It also addresses the period for claims of stolen cultural objects. It establishes a 50-year limitation period from the time of discovery of the object’s location for restitution claims. However, this period is extendable under certain circumstances.
The convention encourages the establishment and maintenance of inventories, databases, and registers of cultural property by states to facilitate the identification and recovery of stolen or illegally exported cultural objects. States are encouraged to cooperate internationally to combat the illicit traffic of cultural objects. This includes sharing information, providing legal assistance, and adopting measures to prevent and detect illegal exports and imports.
Law 3348/2005 (Α/144/23-6-2005) ratifies the Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Goods, signed in Rome 1995.
