This research delves into the investigation of underdrawing materials, specifically charcoal and black stone, in sixteenth century panel paintings attributed to Francisco João. By examining a group of paintings from this period, the study aims to understand the behaviour of these materials within the paint structure. Historical references spanning from 1550 to 1724 on drawing media and binders in panel paintings are meticulously analysed to provide context for the study.
The research methodology involves the analysis of original underdrawing materials in cross-sections using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Reconstructions are utilised as a tool to simulate and study the use of charcoal and black stone in the underdrawing process. Findings from the reconstructions reveal differences in underdrawing particles based on the altarpieces studied, shedding light on the technical aspects of the painting process during that era.
Comparisons with underdrawings by renowned artists such as Jan Van Scorel and Rubens are discussed, providing a broader perspective on the techniques employed in sixteenth century panel paintings. The study not only contributes to the understanding of historical painting practices but also highlights the significance of underdrawing materials in the composition of artworks from this period. Overall, it offers valuable insights into the materials and techniques used by artists during the sixteenth century, enriching our knowledge of art history and conservation practices.
