The article focuses on the analysis of illuminations and the material characterization of the Manizola 116c, a 16th-century illuminated antiphonary from the Biblioteca Pública de Évora. It sheds light into the effects of different light angles on gilding techniques, employing various techniques, such as optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, μ-FTIR, FORS, and h-EDXRF, to characterise the materials used in the illuminations.
Findings revealed variations in blue hues and gold paints, suggesting the involvement of different hands in producing the illuminations. The study highlighted how the placement of the light source influenced the three-dimensional effect of the miniatures, with peripheral illumination emphasising lighter hues and a 45º angle enhancing the reflection of light by gilding details.
The research sheds light on the intricate painting techniques and material compositions used in the manuscript, providing insights into the artistic and technical aspects of the illuminations. The historical context of Manizola 116c, combined with the detailed analysis of the illuminations, offers a deeper understanding of the craftsmanship and artistic choices made by the illuminators.
Overall, the study contributes to the broader field of art history and conservation by unravelling the complexities of mediaeval manuscript illumination techniques and their visual impact on the viewer.
