The text discusses the impact of fungal microbiota on historical monuments, focusing on the Old Cathedral of Coimbra. It highlights the presence of diverse fungal species in the air and biodeteriorated stone within the chapels, emphasising the specificity and environmental requirements of these isolates. The study reveals that the air serves as a vector for spreading fungal propagules, potentially leading to biodeterioration and health risks for visitors and staff. The research underscores the importance of collaboration between biologists and conservation teams to develop preventive measures against biological contamination in heritage sites.
Furthermore, the analysis of fungal isolate frequency in the summer of 2017 demonstrates the dominance of certain species, indicating niche adaptation and the exchange of propagules between air and surfaces. The presence of pathogenic and toxigenic organisms in the chapels raises concerns about air quality and human health within these historical structures. The findings suggest that specific environmental conditions in chapels create favourable niches for certain fungal species, contributing to their growth and establishment.
Overall, the study underscores the significance of assessing and understanding the microbiota in historical buildings to mitigate the risks posed by fungal contamination. By identifying potential pathogenic and biodeterioration-related species, the research provides valuable insights for the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage sites. The chapter calls for a multidisciplinary approach involving biologists, conservationists, and restoration experts to develop protocols and guidelines for preventing further biological damage to historical monuments.
