Portuguese archives and libraries: a century of preservation and conservation practices for the control of biodeterioration
The article discusses the persistent challenges in managing biodeterioration in Portuguese institutions, particularly in archives and libraries. Despite historic efforts towards preventive conservation, the use of chemical products for pest control remained prevalent until the late 20th century. Concerns over human health and environmental impact led to the discontinuation of harmful fumigation gases like methyl bromide. Challenges such as pest infestations by termites and silverfish underscore the necessity for effective preservation strategies. Oxygen displacement and nitrogen treatment are recognized methods for eradicating pests in cultural heritage objects. The focus on