Biosynthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Microbial Cultures: Mechanisms, Antimicrobial Activity and Applications to Cultural Heritage
The article discusses the synthesis and antimicrobial properties of Metal Nanoparticles (MNPs) using biological extracts and microorganisms. It highlights the variations in biosynthesis based on different precursors and concentrations of elements. MNPs have shown promising antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms isolated from cultural heritage materials. The study also proposes integrated mechanisms for the antimicrobial action of MNPs. Additionally, the research emphasises the importance of molecules with reducing groups for MNPs synthesis, such as carboxyl, amide, thiol, and hydroxyl. Furthermore, recent studies from 2018 to 2022 on the biosynthesis of MNPs