This study delves into the microbial, isotopic, and mineralogical characteristics of speleothems in volcanic caves. In Bellavista Cave, filamentous and rod-shaped microbial structures with extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) biofilms were identified, along with bacterial families capable of influencing the nitrogen cycle.
The organic fraction composition in Royal-C revealed an intermediate carbon isotope composition, potentially linked to C3/C4 plants or microbial activity, while a high d15N value indicated anthropogenic alterations. The mineralogical analysis of speleothems unveiled unique structures in moonmilk and coralloid formations, with the presence of organic molecules associated with fertilisers and polycondensed materials.
The study highlights the importance of understanding the microbial communities and their roles in nutrient cycling within cave ecosystems, as well as the potential impact of human activities on cave environments. By investigating the isotopic signatures and mineralogical composition of speleothems, valuable insights into past environmental conditions and anthropogenic influences can be gained.
Overall, this study provides a comprehensive exploration of microbial diversity, isotopic signatures, and mineralogical characteristics in volcanic caves, contributing to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationships between microorganisms, organic compounds, and geological processes in cave environments. It underscores the significance of preserving these unique environments for future studies and conservation efforts.
